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India’s judicial system continues to face a severe shortage of judges, with only 22 judges available per million people, highlighting deep structural challenges. The ratio is based on the 2011 Census population of 1,210.85 million and the sanctioned strength of judges across the Supreme Court, High Courts, and District and Subordinate Courts up to 2026.
Official data shows that while the Supreme Court has a sanctioned strength of 34 judges, one position remains vacant. High Courts face a sharper gap, with only 814 judges working against a sanctioned strength of 1,122. At the district and subordinate court level, 20,833 judges handle the bulk of litigation. The Law Commission has recommended 50 judges per million people, a target India is yet to reach, even as steps are taken to reduce pendency and improve infrastructure.
West Bengal
Bihar
Uttar Pradesh
Jharkhand